Gorillas are the largest living primates and among our closest living relatives. They are also diverse: scientists recognize two species and four subspecies, each with its own range, ecology and conservation challenges. This learning hub organizes Gorilla Facts by subject so readers can move from a clear introduction to detailed, cited guides.
Start with the essentials
- Gorilla species and subspecies — the two species, four subspecies, ranges and accepted scientific names.
- Habitats and geographic range — where wild gorillas live in equatorial Africa.
- Diet and feeding ecology — leaves, stems, shoots, fruit and regional differences.
- Conservation status and threats — disease, illegal killing, habitat change, mining and conflict.
Species and classification
Begin with Types of Gorillas, then use our scientific-name and classification guide. Gorilla taxonomy distinguishes western and eastern species and the western lowland, Cross River, Grauer’s and mountain subspecies.
Behavior and social life
- Gorilla social groups, silverbacks and family relationships
- Sounds, gestures, expressions and displays
- What research shows about chest beating
- Sleeping nests and how scientists study them
Growth, bodies and development
- Baby gorilla development and maternal care
- The gorilla life cycle
- Wild and zoo lifespans
- Body weight with measurement context
- Height, posture and arm span
- Ape anatomy and tail-loss evolution
- What science can—and cannot—measure about strength
Mountain gorilla field guide
- Countries, protected areas and habitat
- A field-based diet guide
- Threats and recovery
- Health, distance and ethical viewing
Research and current events
Our Research Desk explains peer-reviewed studies in plain language, including methods, sample size and limitations. Our Newsroom separates confirmed events from uncertainty and links to original announcements.
How these guides are prepared
We prioritize peer-reviewed papers, official taxonomic databases, conservation authorities, range-state agencies and established scientific institutions. Claims are written with the level of certainty supported by the source. See our editorial standards, authorship policy and corrections process.